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CVD
CVD, or chemical vapor deposition, is an alternative method for producing lab-grown diamonds. The process involves exposing a hydrocarbon gas mixture to moderate temperatures and pressures within a vacuum chamber, which allows the diamond crystals to develop.
To initiate the growth of synthetic diamonds, seed crystals made of diamond are carefully positioned within a specialized growth chamber.After the seed crystals are in place, the growth chamber is filled with a hydrocarbon gas mixture, typically methane.
Once the chamber is prepared, it is then heated to temperatures between 900-1200°C.In some diamond growth chambers, a microwave beam or another energy source is used to facilitate the precipitation of carbon from a plasma cloud. Then, the carbon atoms move towards the cooler diamond seed plates, where they eventually crystallize over several weeks. Depending on the number of seed plates and the size of the chamber, multiple crystals can grow at once.
During the growth process of synthetic diamonds, the diamonds are periodically removed from the chamber every few days. The top surface of each diamond crystal is then polished to ensure that any non-diamond carbon is removed before being placed back into the chamber to continue growing. Depending on the desired size and quality of the diamonds, multiple stop-and-start cycles may be required for each batch. In total, the diamond growth process can take between three to four weeks to complete.
Once the synthetic diamond crystals have finished growing, they are then ready to be cut and polished into their final form.The tabular-shaped crystals that are grown using CVD technology often have a rough edge of black graphite that needs to be cut away. They also tend to display a brown color that can be removed through heat treatment before faceting. Many of the colorless CVD-grown diamonds on the market were once brown crystals that have since undergone HPHT annealing to become decolorized.
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